@article{yuan2014ftir,
  title = {FTIR On-line Monitoring of Biodiesel Transesterification},
  author = {Tao Yuan and Emmanuel Akochi-Koble and Dave Pinchuk and Frederik R. van de Voort},
  year = 2014,
  url = {https://ibimapublishing.com/articles/IJREB/2014/178474/},
  journal = {International Journal of Renewable Energy & Biofuels},
  volume = (2014),
  pages = 13,
  doi = 10.5171/2014.178474,
  abstract = {An on-line biodiesel transesterification monitoring system was developed using a mid-FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrometer equipped with a temperature controlled transmission flow cell. A variety of spectral regions were assessed to monitor functional group changes during the transesterification process of Canola oil.  The resulting dynamic reaction curves generated were used to gauge reaction progress as well as the final product parameters and compared to its corresponding GC profile. The transesterification process assessed oil: methanol molar ratios ranging from 1:6 to 1:12 (mol/mol) and catalyst concentrations ranging from 0.33% to 1.67% ml/g. Both Beer’s law and Partial Least Squares calibration models were developed to quantify the components of interest. On-line FTIR analysis was found to be workable, simple and an improvement over methods such as TLC or GC to monitor the transesterification reaction, providing reaction data in real time. Being able to obtain detailed dynamic information about the process as the reaction takes place provides for more control, the ability to adjust the process if required and allows for optimization to improve product yield and consistency.},
  keywords = {FTIR, automated, real-time analysis, biodiesel},
  note = Article ID: 178474
}