@article{holak2026design,
  title = {Design and Development of Modern Lenses using Mechatronic Principles},
  author = {Krzysztof Holak and Hubert Adamczyk and Daria Kawka and Piotr Paruch},
  year = 2026,
  url = {https://ibimapublishing.com/articles/CIBIMA/2026/185470/},
  journal = {Communications of the IBIMA},
  volume = 2026,
  pages = 10,
  doi = 10.5171/2026.185470,
  abstract = {This paper presents a mechatronic approach to the design and development of modern photographic lenses, integrating optical, mechanical, and electronic engineering principles. The research focuses on the conception, simulation, prototyping, and validation of the IRIX f = 30 mm photographic lens for DSLR cameras. Advanced computational tools, including Keysight Code V and LightTools, were employed for optical modeling, ray tracing, and performance optimization. The optical system was iteratively refined to minimize aberrations and achieve optimal image quality. Simulation results indicated an effective focal length of 29.79 mm, a lens speed of f/1.45, and a resolution exceeding 50 LP/mm across the full image field, with geometric distortion below 1.1%. Experimental validation through laboratory and field tests confirmed high central sharpness (up to 60 LP/mm), low chromatic aberration, and strong flare resistance under varying illumination. Mechanical and electronic innovations such as an 11-blade diaphragm, Focus Lock, and Infinity Click mechanisms enhanced operational precision and user ergonomics. The integrated PCB-based control system ensured full camera communication and aperture management. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, simulation-driven workflow for translating virtual optical designs into verified physical prototypes. The results provide a replicable design framework for high-performance lenses and address an identified market gap in medium focal-length, high-aperture optics suitable for professional photography and industrial inspection.},
  keywords = {photographic lens design, optical systems design, optical systems simulation.},
  note = Article ID: 185470
}