@article{dibenedetto2016tunable,
  title = {Tunable Mixed Oxides: Efficient Agents for the Simultaneous Trans-Esterification of Lipids and Esterification of Free Fatty Acids from Bio-Oils for the Effective Production of Fames},
  author = {Angela Dibenedetto and Antonella Angelini and Antonella Colucci and Luigi di Bitonto and Carlo Pastore and Brunella Maria Aresta and Cinzia Giannini and Roberto Comparelli},
  year = 2016,
  url = {https://ibimapublishing.com/articles/IJREB/2016/204112/},
  journal = {International Journal of Renewable Energy & Biofuels},
  volume = (2016),
  pages = 17,
  doi = 10.5171/2016.204112,
  abstract = {In this paper we describe our approach to solve  the problem of the simultaneous trans-esterification of lipids (that requires a basic catalyst) and esterification of FFAs (that requires an acid catalyst) using mixed oxides ad hoc prepared. New mixed oxides based on calcium, cerium and aluminium have been used as catalysts in the reaction of trans-esterification of oils of different composition and quality, namely: i) extra virgin olive oil as a test case (low acidity) and ii) non-edible oil (high acidity), such as that extracted from aquatic biomass (Nannochloropsis sp microalgae). Among the several catalysts used, 12CaO 7Al2O3 7CeO2 has shown unprecedented properties in terms of activity and resistance in the simultaneous trans-esterification/esterification.},
  keywords = {Nannochloropsis sp bio-oil, tunable catalyst, trans-esterification, fatty acids esterification.},
  note = Article ID: 204112
}