@article{muchaleszko2021polands,
  title = {Poland's Catching-up Process in the European Union against the Background of Other Visegrad Countries},
  author = {Bogumila MUCHA-LESZKO and Magdalena K. KAKOL},
  year = 2021,
  url = {https://ibimapublishing.com/articles/JEERBE/2021/806834/},
  journal = {Journal of Eastern Europe Research in Business and Economics},
  volume = 2021,
  pages = 16,
  doi = 10.5171/2021.806834,
  abstract = {The aim of the assessment in the paper is to verify a hypothesis, constructed by theorists of international economics, that regional integration is an opportunity for the caching-up countries to accelerate growth as well as diminish the economic and technological gap.
Poland's macroeconomic outcomes in terms of the dynamics of convergence were assessed on the basis of quantitative and efficiency indicators, such as: GDP growth rate, GDP per capita, changes in the level of labor productivity (in relation to the EU average), as well as on the basis of supply and demand factors contributing to GDP growth. Results of the empirical analysis, which encompassed both the pre-accession period and the European Union membership period of the V4 countries, confirmed that they had higher GDP growth rates compared with the EU-28 averages, however, the rates varied within the analysed group. The largest economic gap pertained to Poland and the dynamics of closing it was the highest in 2008-2019. The opportunities for Poland's economic growth in the first half of the 1990s and in 2002-2007 were not fully exploited. Nevertheless, Poland had the highest capacity for economic growth during the recession - stagnation years (2008-2013) out of all EU members and was able to maintain high growth rates in 2014-2019. The major factors of Poland's economic growth in the entire period of 2002-2019 included non-ICT capital contribution and increase in consumption demand. Only in Czechia a higher contribution of ICT capital to GDP growth allowed for a decrease in the technological gap. In the remaining V4 countries, non-ICT capital contribution to the GDP growth was also not conducive towards a significant technological modernisation of the economies.},
  keywords = {benefits from economic integration, economic convergence, GDP growth and its sources},
  note = Article ID: 806834
}