Circular Business Model for Granulated Carbonated Volatile Fly Ash From Fluidized Beds in Underground Mining Techniques

Circular business models are one of potential ways for industry to profitably achieve radical gains in resource efficiency. This article presents the concept of a closed-loop business model on the example of the management of fly fluidized ash in synergy with power plant and mine. The developed model consists of recycling by-products from the power industry by using them in underground mining technologies. Designing a business based on usage of granulate material produced according to the new method of processing fluidized fly ash was presented on the Lean Canvas model.