Structural Changes in Poland’s Foreign Trade From 1990 To 2019

The world economy is characterized by huge dynamism. Changes of both its subjects and relations between and among the subjects are seen as its immanent feature. International trade relations are considered one of crucial ties in the world economy. Economic and political transition introduced by Poland in 1990 resulted in gradual opening of the Polish economy, which led to its active participation in numerous international organizations, as well as its full accession to the European Union structures in 2004. Increased engagement of Poland in international trade was observed. The main objective of the paper was to study and evaluate structural changes in Poland’s foreign trade from 1990 to 2019, regarding both geographical pattern of Poland’s foreign trade and commodity structure of Polish exports and imports. Moreover, an attempt was made to identify challenges and opportunities for Poland in terms of participation in international trade relations in the post-pandemic world economy.