Latest Communications of International Proceedings articles

School- day nutrition in rural settings is a service- delivery challenge affecting human capital. Using an anonymised questionnaire from rural Polish primary schools without canteens (N=  266; ages 10– 16), this study quantifies retail substitution under missing infrastructure. A compact indicator set- second breakfast from…

The specificity of the financial system in European countries remains based mainly on the banking sector, which constitutes the primary source of capital for enterprises. Nevertheless, differences in the level of development of financial systems, including the banking sector, persist across Europe. Among the Central…

Defence policy is an example of primarily national solutions limiting the effectiveness of the European Union. However, the European Commission's proposals for the new financial framework for 2028-2034 demonstrate not only an attempt to rationalize public expenditure but also an unprecedented response to the global…

The main goal of this paper is to study the impact of digital competencies on economic growth measured by changes in the natural logarithm of GDP per capita. The study covers countries that are currently members of the European Union, and the data used to…

This paper deals with the use of permutation tests in the analysis of data homogeneity. The proposed solution is based on a nonparametric approach that involves the use of a combined permutation test. The strategy corresponds to Pesarin's Nonparametric Combination (NPC) method. This non-classical approach…

The principal aim of the study was to assess the development of the construction sector within the broader context of global crises, using Hellwig’s synthetic development measure, with Poland serving as the case study. The temporal scope of the analysis covered the past 18 years…

As a member of the European Union (EU), Romania aligned with the EU sanctions regime imposed on the Russian Federation following its illegal and unprovoked military invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. The enforcement of these sanctions—most visible in trade flows but extending to energy,…

The subject of this study is the examination of changes in fiscal policy following the implementation of the „Polish Deal”  program. Specifically, the analysis focuses on the impact of the modifications introduced in the methodology of calculating the Personal Income Tax (PIT) on the extent…

The aim of this paper is to recognize and analyze the heterogeneities in accuracy of one year ahead inflation expectations of consumers among different income groups in Poland under the different inflation environments: (1) high inflation environment, (2) low inflation environment, and (3) credible inflation…

Changes in weather patterns and extreme weather events pose a significant threat to economic growth and development. This study is an attempt to analyze the influences of foreign capital inflows, fiscal and monetary policy, energy use, and national income on climate change, measured by air…